8. Equity

2020 Rights Offering

During February 2020, the Company closed on a rights offering capital raise wherein the Company’s holders of common stock, Series C Preferred Stock, and certain outstanding warrants on the date of record, obtained, at no charge, non-transferable subscription rights to purchase units (“Units”). Each Unit consisted of one share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”) and 675 warrants to purchase common stock (“Warrants”). Each Unit sold for $1,000. Each share of the Preferred Stock is convertible, at the Company’s option at any time on or after the first anniversary of the expiration of the rights offering or at the option of the holder at any time, into a number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient of the stated value of the Preferred Stock ($1,000) divided by the Conversion Price ($1.4814 per share). Each Warrant is exercisable for one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share from the date of issuance through its expiration five years from the date of issuance. The Warrants also contain a cashless exercise provision that allows the holder to receive 70% of the common stock otherwise available under the warrant to the holder electing the cashless exercise provision. The Company issued 9,440 Units, which includes 6,372,000 Warrants exercisable into shares of our common stock and preferred shares that are convertible into 6,372,350 shares of Common Stock, for gross proceeds of $9.4 million.

The Company raised $9.4 million, before consideration of issuance costs, associated with the issuance of the Units, with $3.1 million allocated to the preferred stock (with no issuance costs allocated to the preferred stock) and $5.1 million, net of issuance costs of approximately $1.2 million, allocated to the warrants. In association with the warrants that were recorded as a derivative liability, the Company immediately expensed approximately all $1.2 million of the issuance costs.

During the six months ended June 30, 2020, Series B Convertible Preferred stockholders of the Company converted 123 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock into 91,333 shares of common stock, and Series C Convertible Preferred stockholders of the Company converted 9,387 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock into 6,336,577 shares of common stock.

Also, during the six months ended June 30, 2020, holders of Warrants electing to use the cashless exercise option exercised 5,003,775 warrants, which resulted in the issuance of 3,502,645 shares of common stock. During the same period of time, holders of Warrants electing to exercise warrants for cash exercised 611,968 warrants, which resulted in the issuance of 611,968 shares of common stock, and the receipt of $0.9 million of cash.

2020 Registered Direct Offerings

During June 2020, the Company closed two registered direct offerings of shares of its common stock, priced at-the-market under Nasdaq rules, resulting in the issuance of a total of 6,100,000 shares of its common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $9.6 million, before considering issuance costs of approximately $0.8 million. On June 23, 2020, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with certain institutional purchasers, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the purchasers, in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 3,700,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. The shares were sold at a negotiated purchase price of $1.50 per share for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $5.5 million, before deducting fees to the placement agent and other estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. Following the initial registered direct offering, on June 26, 2020, the Company entered into another Share Purchase Agreement with certain institutional purchasers pursuant to which the Company offered to the purchasers, in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 2,400,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. The shares were sold at a negotiated purchase price of $1.72 per share for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $4.1 million, before deducting fees to the placement agent and other estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. See Note 14, Subsequent Events, for a description of the third and fourth registered direct offerings executed subsequent to June 30, 2020.

2019 ATM Stock Offerings

On June 4, 2019, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement, (the “Distribution Agreement”), with Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”), pursuant to which the Company may sell from time to time, shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.6 million through Maxim, as agent (the “ATM Offering”). On September 12, 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the Distribution Agreement with Maxim, which increased the maximum aggregate offering price of the shares of the Company’s common stock from $1.6 million to $2.5 million. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Distribution Agreement, Maxim will use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the shares from time to time, based on the Company’s instructions. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares and may at any time suspend offers under the Distribution Agreement. The Offering will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of Shares having an aggregate offering price of $2.5 million, (ii) the termination of the Distribution Agreement by either Maxim or the Company upon the provision of fifteen (15) days written notice, or (iii) September 12, 2020. The Company agrees to pay Maxim a transaction fee at a fixed rate of 4.25% of the gross sales price of shares sold under the Distribution Agreement and agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Maxim with respect to certain liabilities under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company raised approximately $1.7 million before deducting fees to the placement agent and other offering expenses of approximately $0.2 million, through the issuance of 527,896 shares of common stock under the Distribution Agreement with Maxim. During the six month period ending June 30, 2020, the Company sold 354,500 shares of common stock, raising approximately $0.8 million before deducting issuance fees of approximately $0.034 million. As of June 30, 2020, no funding capacity is available under the ATM.